1. The future of the Paris Agreement without U.S. participation

1. (1) Evaluation of the U.S. announcement to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and future approaches
2. (2) Measures to ensure the effectiveness and international fairness of the Paris Agreement

2. Japan's efforts and contribution to global warming measures on a global scale

1. (1) Japan's efforts and contribution to global warming measures on a global scale
2. (2) Basic approach to formulating a long-term strategy

1. Defining carbon pricing and status of adoption in Japan

1. (1) Definition and types of carbon pricing
2. (2) Status of adoption in Japan

2. Issues to be considered when addressing carbon pricing

1. (1) Characteristics of global warming issues
2. (2) Balancing environment, economy and energy
3. (3) Country-specific circumstances
4. (4) Verifying the effectiveness of the Global Warming Tax and other existing policies
5. (5) International competitiveness and carbon leakage
6. (6) Total energy costs, including not only tax burdens but also energy prices
7. (7) Innovation
8. (8) Government-led failure and administrative costs
9. (9) Japan's approach to global warming countermeasures

3. Validity of introducing carbon pricing in Japan

1. (1) Emissions trading schemes
2. (2) Large-scale carbon taxes

4. Conclusion